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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean<br><br>CLKs' understanding and ability to draw on relational affordances, as well as learning-internal factors, were significant. For instance the RIs of TS and ZL both mentioned their relationships with their local professors as a significant factor  [https://chessdatabase.science/wiki/12_Companies_Leading_The_Way_In_Pragmatic 프라그마틱 홈페이지] [https://www.google.com.pk/url?q=https://squareblogs.net/cokebongo7/14-cartoons-about-free-slot-pragmatic-which-will-brighten-your-day 프라그마틱 슬롯 사이트] 무료[https://yogicentral.science/wiki/Vindingmoses3816 프라그마틱 체험] ([https://instapages.stream/story.php?title=why-nobody-cares-about-pragmatic-sugar-rush click through the up coming website]) in their pragmatic choice to not criticize a strict professor (see the second example).<br><br>This article reviews all local pragmatic research on Korean up to 2020. It focuses on practical important topics such as:<br><br>Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)<br><br>The Discourse Completion Test (DCT) is widely used in the field of pragmatic research. It has many strengths however, it also has its disadvantages. The DCT for instance, does not take into account individual and cultural variations. Additionally the DCT is prone to bias and could lead to overgeneralizations. It is essential to analyze it carefully before being used for research or assessment.<br><br>Despite its limitations, the DCT can be a valuable tool for investigating the relationship between prosody and information structure in non-native speakers. The ability to alter social variables relevant to politeness in two or more steps can be a strength. This feature can be used to study the effect of prosody in various cultural contexts.<br><br>In the field of linguistics the DCT is now one of the primary instruments for analyzing learners' communication behaviors. It can be used to investigate various aspects such as the manner of speaking, turn taking and lexical selection. It can be used to assess the level of phonological sophistication in learners' speech.<br><br>A recent study used a DCT to assess EFL students' refusal skills. Participants were presented with a list of scenarios and required to choose a suitable response from the options offered. The authors concluded that the DCT was more effective than other refusal measures, including a questionnaire and video recordings. Researchers warned, however, that the DCT should be used with caution. They also recommended using other methods for data collection.<br><br>DCTs are often designed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, like content and form. These criteria are intuitive and based upon the assumptions of test developers. They are not necessarily precise, and they could incorrectly describe the way in which ELF learners actually reject requests in real-world interactions. This issue requires more research into different methods to assess refusal ability.<br><br>A recent study examined DCT responses to requests made by students through email with the responses gathered from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCTs favored more direct and conventionally-indirect requests and utilized more hints than email data.<br><br>Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)<br><br>This study examined Chinese learners their pragmatic choices when they use Korean. It employed various experimental tools including Discourse Completion Tasks, metapragmatic questions and Refusal Interviews. Participants were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate level who responded to MQs, DCTs and RIs. They were also asked to provide reflections on their evaluations and their refusals to participate in RIs. The results revealed that CLKs often resisted native Korean pragmatic norms, and that their choices were influenced by four primary factors: their identities, their multilingual identities, ongoing life histories, and relational advantages. These findings have implications for pedagogy for L2 Korean assessment and teaching.<br><br>The MQ data was analyzed first to determine the participants' practical choices. The data were classified according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, we compared the selections with their linguistic performance using DCTs to determine if they were a sign of resistance to pragmatics. The interviewees were asked to explain their decision to use pragmatic language in a particular scenario.<br><br>The results of the MQs and DCTs were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and z-tests. The CLKs were found to use euphemistic words like "sorry" or "thank you". This could be due to their lack experience with the target languages, leading to an inadequate understanding of korean pragmatic norms. The results showed that CLKs' preference for converging to L1 or departing from both L1 as well as L2 pragmatic norms differed based on the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs would prefer to diverge from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms, whereas in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms.<br><br>The RIs revealed that CLKs were aware of their logical resistance to every DCT situation. The RIs were conducted in a one-to-one manner within two days after the participants completed the MQs. The RIs, which were recorded and transcribed by two independent coders, were then coded. The coding process was iterative by the coders, re-reading and discussing each transcript. The results of coding are evaluated against the original RI transcripts to determine how well they captured the underlying pragmatic behavior.<br><br>Refusal Interviews (RIs)<br><br>The key question in pragmatic research is: why do some learners decide to not accept native-speaker norms? Recent research has attempted to answer this question using various experiments, including DCTs MQs and RIs. The participants were comprised of 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. Participants were required to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or L2. Then,  [http://daoqiao.net/copydog/home.php?mod=space&uid=1778798 프라그마틱 슬롯 팁] they were invited to attend a RI where they were asked to think about their responses to the DCT situations.<br><br>The results showed that, on average, the CLKs resisted native-speaker pragmatic norms in over 40% of their responses. They did this despite the fact that they could produce patterns that closely resembled natives. They were aware of their practical resistance. They attributed their choices to learner-internal factors like their identities, personalities, multilingual identities, and ongoing lives. They also mentioned external factors, such as relationships and advantages. For example, they described how their relationships with professors helped facilitate a more relaxed performance in relation to the intercultural and linguistic rules of their university.<br><br>The interviewees expressed concern about the social pressures or penalties they could face if their local social norms were not followed. They were worried that their native friends might view them as "foreignersand believe that they are unintelligent. This worry was similar to the concerns expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).<br><br>These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are no longer the norm for Korean learners. They could still be a useful model for official Korean proficiency tests. Future researchers should consider reassessing the validity of these tests in various cultural contexts and specific situations. This will allow them to better comprehend how different environments can affect the pragmatic behavior of students in the classroom and beyond. This will also help educators develop better methods for teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor for Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy based in Seoul.<br><br>Case Studies<br><br>The case study method is a research strategy that utilizes intensive, participant-centered research to investigate a specific topic. It is a method that utilizes multiple data sources to support the findings, including interviews, observations, documents, and artifacts. This type of investigation can be used to examine specific or complicated topics that are difficult for other methods of measuring.<br><br>In a case study, the first step is to define the subject and the goals of the study. This will allow you to identify which aspects of the topic are important to investigate and which can be omitted. It is also helpful to study the literature that is relevant to the subject to gain a broad understanding of the subject and to place the case study within a wider theoretical framework.<br><br>This case study was based on an open source platform that is the KMMLU leaderboard [50], and its Korean-specific benchmarks, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the study revealed that L2 Korean students were highly susceptible to native models. They were more likely to select incorrect answer choices that were literal interpretations of the prompts, which were not based on precise pragmatic inference. They also showed a distinct tendency of adding their own words or "garbage" to their responses. This also lowered the quality of their answers.<br><br>The participants of this study were all L2 Korean students who had reached the level of four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their second or third year at university and hoped to achieve level six on their next attempt. They were questioned about their WTC/SPCC, pragmatic awareness and understanding knowledge of the world.<br><br>Interviewees were presented with two hypothetical situations which involved interactions with their interlocutors and asked to choose one of the strategies listed below to use when making an offer. They were then asked to provide the reasoning behind their choice. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatist opposition to their personality. TS, for example said she was difficult to talk to and was hesitant to ask about the wellbeing of her colleague when they were working at a high rate, even though she believed native Koreans would.