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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction
A wheelchair ramp for wheelchairs can be a valuable device to assist a loved one live more independently at home. If they are not designed properly they could be dangerous to use.
ADA regulations require that landings be level at every change in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They also must provide a gripping surface for wheelchair users.
Design
The ramp's design must meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards so that wheelchairs are able to navigate the structure easily. The ramp's slope shouldn't exceed a 1:12 ratio, and the landings have to be level at any change of direction or change in the ramp's surface. It should also be constructed using treated lumber that is more durable than lumber that is not treated and can weather precipitation better.
The ramp's top and bottom must be free of obstacles like trees or bushes, or any other structures that could interfere with the user's safe passage. Additionally the surface of the ramp must be hard and non-slip. Some municipalities require that the entire ramp be coated with an anti-slip surface.
For the frame of the ramp, use treated lumber that is at least 4 inches wide. Build posts to secure the ramp, ensuring that they are at minimum eight feet apart and that they extend above the ground level. The posts should then connect to the ramp's railings using spindles. This kind of connection minimizes the risk of a ramp user falling off the ramp.
Then, build the frame of the ramp using beams that measure 2 by 4 inches in size and joists at least 16 inch long. Make sure that the joists are at a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they are secured with Joist hangers which are nails that hold the inside of the joists and prevent them from sliding out of alignment. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer.
Install an upper landing on the doorway so that the Gardhom Wheelchair Ramps (Mobile-Mobility-Scooters66543.Blogchaat.Com)-bound occupants are able to easily maneuver the doorswing. The landing should be 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of the doors that swing out. For doors with in-swing the landing should be at least 58 by 60 inches to allow for the threshold of the door and the person in wheelchair who must move backwards through the doorway.
Install an elevated landing at every change in the direction of the ramp to avoid the need for wheelchairs to slam on their brakes while turning corners. Adding a level landing also allows you to move the ramp away from the way, if needed to allow lawnmowers or other equipment can slide under it.
Materials
The material used to construct a wheelchair ramp can be wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installer can help you select the most suitable option for your office or home. When choosing the material to use for the ramp, it is crucial to consider your budget and requirements. The ramp should be easy to maintain and must be safe to use. Some cities require that the ramp be laid with a non-slip surface.
Be sure to check with your local government for permits before you begin building or purchasing any materials. Also, be sure to adhere to all local building codes. Incorrect construction materials or techniques could create hazardous conditions for wheelchair-users. You can find fold up ramps for wheelchairs-to-date construction guidelines in your local building department of the government or library, or on the internet.
Wood ramps are usually the most affordable of ADA ramp materials, however they require more maintenance than other options. The wood ramp's surface need to be regularly treated with a sealer in order to stop rot and warping. Wood can split and be dangerous for people who use wheelchairs. Wood metal ramps for wheelchair may also require additional support to ensure the structure is maintained.
Concrete ramps can be expensive however they are durable and last for a long time. They are heavy, which means that more labor is required to install ramps and may make it difficult to move the ramp when they are no longer needed. Concrete ramps are strong enough to support the weight of power wheelchairs.
Aluminum ramps weigh less than steel or concrete however they possess the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also cheaper than iron or steel which makes them a great option for those with a tight budget. Aluminum is eco-friendly because it is found in the earth's crust naturally, and is able to be recycled.
The ramp's upper landing must be at a level level, or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door in order for wheelchairs with smaller wheels to go over the ramp without becoming stuck. Ramps with gaps greater than this do not conform to ADA standards. You should also make sure that the ramp transitions smoothly from the upper landing to the surface. The last section of the ramp must have a an angled transition to prevent an abrupt stop for wheelchairs when they exit or enter an apartment.
Installation
A wheelchair ramp is a ramp that has a plane ramp that can be used as an alternative to or in the place of stairs. It allows wheelchair users and people who use carts or strollers to get around areas that would otherwise be difficult to access, such as the front door or a set of sloping steps.
When choosing a wheelchair access ramp, there are a variety of aspects to take into consideration, including the location, height and price. The ramp should be placed as close as possible to the door to avoid unnecessary journeys. It should be set at a level that the person using it can be able to easily access it. It should also be properly fixed to the ground and clear of obstructions, like shrubbery or parked cars.
ADA regulations state that ramps must have handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36" apart and have smooth or rounded gripping surface. They must also be anchored to the edge of the ramp, and extend 12 inches over it. If the ramp has switchesbacks or an L-shaped layout handrails should be a continuous length between the ramp's runs.
The length of a ramp varies on the incline, but there are a few basic ramps that can be used in most situations. For example the threshold ramp is directly on the lip of a curb, or the threshold of a doorway while portable ramps can be moved from one spot to another and are available in many different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can also be constructed on-site. These ramps are usually employed in public or commercial areas, and tend to be longer.
If you're considering an all-weather ramp, be sure to check with your city's building department to determine if you'll need a permit. You should also speak to an expert in mobility to determine the kind of ramp that is best for your needs and the space. In certain situations, installing permanent ramps can improve the value of your house.
Maintenance
It is essential to maintain your wheelchair ramp, especially if it will be used often. You'll need to conduct regular inspections and address any structural issues as they occur. This will ensure that the ramp meets all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.
Wooden ramps require regular cleaning to remove debris and dirt that may block access. Keep the ramp clean to prevent moisture from building up under the surface. This can lead to rot. Stains and wood preservatives only work properly only if the ramp is clean prior to application.
Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps as they are more susceptible to wear and tear. It is crucial to have the proper tools. To make sure that all fixings are secure and tight you'll require an excellent set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. It is also important to regularly check the handrails to ensure that they are in good working order and are free of corrosion or damage. It is possible that over time, as they are used repeatedly some of the bolts and fittings that secure the handrails may come loose and cause a major safety concern for those using the ramp.
It is also crucial to ensure that the surface the ramp is sufficiently grippy especially in winter, when the conditions can be challenging. You'll need to sweep away any dirt, leaves and other debris that could hinder the surface and cause slippage. Additionally, you'll need to apply a non-corrosive ice melt on the ramp's surface before winter arrives to avoid slips and injury.
Think about buying "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if you intend to use it during the winter. These wheels are designed to be more efficient on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will help you remain on your ramp more effectively than normal wheelchair tires. You can also use heating tape or pads to melt the ice and snow on the ramp before it builds up.