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Julia Stewart

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Julia Stewart
Born1955
NationalityAmerican
EducationSan Diego State University (BA, communications, 1977)
OccupationBusiness executive
CompanyAlurx, Inc.; formerly IHOP Corp. and DineEquity, Inc. (now Dine Brands Global)
TitleFounder and Chief Executive Officer, Alurx, Inc.
SpouseJon Greenawalt (divorced); Tim Ortman (m. 2007)
Children2

Julia A. Stewart (born 1955) is an American business executive best known as the chief executive of IHOP Corp. and its successor DineEquity, Inc. (later renamed Dine Brands Global), which she led from 2002 to 2017. She joined IHOP as president and chief operating officer in December 2001, became chief executive in May 2002 and added the role of chairman in May 2006.[1] Before IHOP she spent more than two decades in restaurant marketing and operations at Carl's Jr., Burger King, Stuart Anderson's Black Angus, Taco Bell and Applebee's International, where she was president of the domestic division from 1998 to 2001.[2]

Stewart first worked in the industry as a teenage waitress at an IHOP restaurant in San Diego.[3] At IHOP she moved the chain away from financing and building its own restaurants and towards a model in which franchisees developed and owned almost all units. In 2007 she led IHOP's acquisition of Applebee's, the employer that had passed her over for its top job six years earlier, in a transaction valued at about $2.1 billion.[4][5] The combined company refranchised nearly all of Applebee's company-operated restaurants over the following years and became almost entirely franchised.[6]

Stewart resigned from DineEquity effective March 1, 2017, after a sustained fall in Applebee's same-restaurant sales that followed a menu and grill overhaul she had overseen.[7][8] She founded the health and wellness company Alurx, Inc. in 2020 and was serving as its chief executive as of November 2025.[9] She sat on the board of Avery Dennison from 2003 to 2024 and has also served as a director of Fogo de Chão, the special purpose acquisition company Bite Acquisition Corp. and the chicken chain Bojangles.[10][11]

Early life and education

According to the reference work Newsmakers, Stewart was born in 1955 in Visalia, California, a farming town in the San Joaquin Valley. She was the only child of two teachers: her father, Dan Stewart, taught American history and civics, and her mother taught physical education. Both hoped she would also become a teacher.[2] A 2000s profile in Franchise Update described San Diego as her native city, and Stewart has said that her first restaurant job was with an IHOP franchisee in San Diego.[12][3]

Stewart began waiting tables at IHOP while in high school. Accounts put her age at 15 or 16; at the 2015 MUFSO conference she said she had been 15 but joked that she was "supposed to say I was 16 because I think 15 was illegal."[3] She told ABC News in 2008 that she "wore the hat and the apron and the, you know, the cuffs, and I got hooked," and that she valued "the constant feedback" and "the interaction with the guests."[13]

Stewart won a scholarship to the University of California and attended its Santa Barbara campus around 1973 to 1974, then transferred to San Diego State University.[2] She initially planned to study speech therapy but turned to business after taking marketing communications classes. Newsmakers reports that her parents were disappointed by the choice, and quotes her recalling her father saying, "We raised you to believe that money isn't the most important thing."[2] She graduated in 1977 with a bachelor's degree in communications, cum laude, and later received an honorary doctorate in business administration from Johnson & Wales University.[14] In a Franchise Update interview she described the degree as including minors in marketing and business, and said she used her communications training daily to persuade franchisees, employees, directors and investors.[12]

Career

Advertising, Carl's Jr. and Burger King (1977 to 1984)

Stewart's first job after college was at an advertising agency, a two-year position that ended after she was seated next to Carl Karcher, founder of Carl's Jr., on a flight to a client presentation. Stewart later recalled that Karcher "kept trying to read my Wall Street Journal" before they began talking, and that he offered her a job.[12][15] Newsmakers lists her as a regional marketing director at Carl's Jr. from 1978 to 1980.[2]

Stewart moved to Burger King Corporation as a regional marketing manager in 1980.[2] Her responsibilities there started on the West Coast and grew to include the Pacific Rim and much of the United States. "I was there five years, had five jobs, and moved five times," she said, adding that the period taught her to work with franchisees.[12]

Saga Corporation and Black Angus (1985 to 1991)

Stewart next joined Saga Corporation, which owned Spoons Grill & Bar and Stuart Anderson's Black Angus/Cattle Company restaurants. Saga had just bought Spoons, and her first assignment was to prepare its franchise offering circular. The company then moved her to Black Angus as vice president of marketing and research.[12] Newsmakers dates her time as marketing director in 1985 and as vice president of marketing from 1986 to 1991.[2]

According to Stewart, Black Angus had recorded 10 years of negative growth and was considering moving away from beef because its research showed customers preferred healthier food. She argued the opposite course: "I celebrated beef, and created these ads that won every award," she said, describing how she spent half her time persuading operators to support the campaign.[12] An IFMA profile published in 2025 said her Black Angus marketing work "drew industrywide attention" in the 1980s.[16]

Stewart concluded that she would need profit and loss experience to become a chief executive. She said she asked the Black Angus chairman to move her into operations and that he refused, telling her she earned too much for him in marketing.[12]

Taco Bell (1991 to 1998)

After Stewart mentioned her ambition to run a company in a Nation's Restaurant News interview, Taco Bell's vice president of human resources contacted her.[12] Stewart joined Taco Bell, then owned by PepsiCo, in 1991 through a management training programme and spent her first months as an assistant manager in a restaurant, a move that friends and family saw as a step down.[2] She described it as a fast-track programme that began with night shifts.[12]

IHOP's proxy statements record that she was Taco Bell's Western Region Vice President, Operations, from October 1995 to January 1997 and National Vice President, Franchise and License, from January 1997 to October 1998.[17] In the franchising role she had responsibility for all 5,800 Taco Bell restaurants, by her account.[12] Newsmakers adds that her father once accompanied her on restaurant visits during this period and, after seeing her coach young staff, told her, "You do teach, you do coach, and I really am proud of you."[2]

Applebee's International (1998 to 2001)

An executive recruiter brought Stewart to Applebee's International, based in Overland Park, Kansas, where she became president of the domestic division in October 1998.[12][17] There she hired a new advertising agency, worked on the menu with franchisees and, according to Newsmakers, introduced the slogan "Eating Good in the Neighborhood."[12][2]

Stewart has said she joined on the understanding that the post could lead to the chief executive's job. After three years she asked chief executive Lloyd Hill about it; she later recalled him replying, "Nah, I don't think so," and her answer, "Then it was probably best to leave."[2] On July 24, 2001, Applebee's announced that she would leave on August 17, 2001. Hill said in the announcement that Applebee's had grown by nearly 30 percent to more than 1,300 restaurants during her tenure.[18]

IHOP Corp. (2001 to 2007)

After a few months out of work, Stewart joined IHOP Corp. of Glendale, California, as president and chief operating officer and a director in December 2001. She succeeded Richard K. Herzer as chief executive in May 2002.[17] Newsmakers reported that she was then the only woman running a publicly traded restaurant company in the United States.[2] Herzer remained chairman until January 2003, when Larry Alan Kay succeeded him.[19] When she arrived, IHOP had 1,017 restaurants and 3,921 employees, and reported 2001 revenues of $324.4 million.[20]

Stewart's central change was to the chain's development model. Until January 2003 the company had financed and built most new restaurants itself before franchising them, usually becoming the franchisee's landlord and equipment lessor. Under the "New Model" adopted that year, franchisees financed and developed their own restaurants, while the franchisor approved sites but contributed no capital. In 2003 the company developed 56 restaurants under the old model and franchisees developed 18; the company expected that from 2004 substantially all new restaurants would be franchisee-financed. It incurred $3.6 million in consulting, legal, severance and other costs for the transition.[21] The company also sold restaurants to franchisees under Stewart, and the number of people it employed fell from 3,921 at the end of 2001 to 2,379 at the end of 2003 and 972 at the end of 2006.[20][21][22]

Management presented the strategy to investors under three headings: "Energize the Brand, Improve Operations Performance and Maximize Franchise Development."[23] On the menu, Stewart replaced IHOP's orange juice with juice not made from concentrate served in smaller glasses at a higher price, improved the coffee, swapped blue plastic carafes for copper-jacketed pots and introduced cream-cheese stuffed French toast, The New York Times reported.[5] She also introduced a redesigned interior and exterior that kept the chain's A-frame and blue roof but used warmer colours and new uniforms and tableware.[24]

Nation's Restaurant News later reported that between 2003 and 2005 IHOP's net income rose 19 percent while its revenue fell 14 percent, because the company operated fewer restaurants.[8] IHOP's revenue was $349.6 million in 2006.[22] Newsmakers reported that IHOP's share price doubled between 2002 and 2006, and by mid-2007 the chain had recorded 18 consecutive quarters of growth.[2][24] On May 17, 2006, the board appointed her chairman, succeeding Kay, who became lead director. Kay said that she had "re-energized IHOP" and that the board's vote was unanimous.[25]

Acquisition of Applebee's (2007)

IHOP announced in January 2006 that it was reviewing strategic alternatives, including an acquisition. Stewart said the target could not be a family-dining chain, to avoid competing with IHOP's franchisees, and had to be large and a fit with IHOP's skills.[24] On July 16, 2007, IHOP and Applebee's announced an agreement under which IHOP would pay $25.50 per share in cash, a total transaction value of about $2.1 billion. By then more than 99 percent of IHOP's 1,319 restaurants were franchised, and the company said it planned to franchise most of Applebee's 508 company-operated restaurants.[4] The New York Times described the price as $1.9 billion in cash plus the assumption of debt, and noted that IHOP's market value was about half that of Applebee's.[24]

Stewart's team funded the purchase through whole-business securitizations backed by Applebee's and IHOP assets, a bridge facility from Lehman Brothers and a private placement of preferred stock.[4] Applebee's stockholders approved the deal on October 30, 2007, and it closed in November 2007.[26][27] Stewart told ABC News the deal let her "make the minnow swallow the whale."[13] The New York Times described the takeover of the company that had passed her over as "a turn soaked with satisfaction."[5]

DineEquity (2008 to 2017)

The company was renamed DineEquity, Inc. effective June 2, 2008.[27] The first full year with Applebee's raised total revenues from $0.5 billion in 2007 to $1.6 billion in 2008, and the workforce to about 25,248. The 2008 results also included goodwill and other impairment charges and interest on $2.3 billion of funded debt, and the company recorded a net loss for the year.[28] That year Stewart told The New York Times that Applebee's had not aged well and had become hard to tell apart from rival bar-and-grill chains. She described her plans for small, research-tested menu changes.[5]

The 2008 recession slowed refranchising, but the work continued.[8] DineEquity refranchised nearly 480 Applebee's company-operated restaurants in the five years after the acquisition and reached its goal of being 99 percent franchised in each brand in October 2012.[6] The Applebee's system became 100 percent franchised in July 2015.[29] In 2011 Stewart hired Tom Emrey as chief financial officer, replacing John F. Tierney, whom she credited with refinancing and repricing the company's long-term debt.[30] By 2014 DineEquity reported system-wide sales of $7.3 billion for 2013 and 3,653 restaurants.[27]

Stewart also took direct charge of the Applebee's brand. Mike Archer, who had run the brand since 2008, left in 2014; his successor, Steven Layt, left in 2015 after DineEquity consolidated operations in California, and Stewart became the brand's interim president.[8] In 2016 the company finished moving Applebee's brand and franchisee support functions from Kansas City, Missouri, to its Glendale headquarters.[29]

In May 2016 Applebee's launched a repositioning built around hand-cut steaks and oak-fired grills. Nation's Restaurant News estimated that it cost about $75 million, mostly paid by franchisees. Same-restaurant sales fell 4.2 percent in the quarter it launched and kept falling.[8] For fiscal 2016, Applebee's domestic same-restaurant sales fell 5.0 percent, including 7.2 percent in the fourth quarter, and IHOP's fell 2.1 percent in the fourth quarter.[7]

On February 17, 2017, DineEquity announced that Stewart would resign as chairman, chief executive and interim president of Applebee's effective March 1, 2017. Lead director Richard Dahl became interim chairman and chief executive, and the board said it would separate the two roles after appointing a permanent chief executive.[7] Dahl said that under her leadership DineEquity had "become one of the largest full service, fully franchised chains in the world."[7] The share price fell 10 percent on the day of the announcement.[8] At the time DineEquity had more than 3,700 restaurants in 18 countries and about 400 franchisees.[7] Her separation terms were later set out in the company's 2017 proxy statement.[31] The company was later renamed Dine Brands Global.[9]

Advisory work and Alurx (2017 onward)

After leaving DineEquity, Stewart worked from 2017 to 2019 as an adviser and consultant to private equity firms, investment banks and consumer businesses.[14] SEC filings say her clients included Rhône Capital on its acquisition of Fogo de Chão.[32]

Stewart founded Alurx, Inc. in January 2020 and became its chair and chief executive; IFMA described her as the company's chief executive in November 2025.[32][14][9] SEC filings have described Alurx as "a specialty products company focused on health and wellness" and as "a health & wellness company, offering personalized solutions, via an integrated App."[32][33] IFMA reported in 2025 that the app focused on sleep, nutrition and stress management, and that Stewart started the business after seeing executives neglect their health while running their companies.[16][9] As of November 2026 the company's website was promoting "Alura," a voice-based wellness coach sold to employers as a workforce benefit, and described a pilot programme with a September 2026 launch.[34]

In November 2025 Stewart spoke at IFMA's Presidents Conference in Chicago. Stewart told the audience, "It all started with a clear vision. Set clear goals for yourself. Ask clear questions."[9]

Leadership and management style

IHOP franchisees nicknamed Stewart "the Velvet Hammer." She told The New York Times in 2007 that the name meant "I am tough on standards and raising the bar, but I do it in a caring manner," and described her style as "much more collaborative." Of franchising, she said: "No one reports to me. These are all very successful businessmen and women who have an entrepreneurial spirit... yet they want the leadership and direction from us as the franchiser."[24]

Stewart was closely involved in menu decisions. ABC News reported in 2008 that Stewart personally approved items from the Applebee's test kitchen in Kansas City, and The New York Times wrote that nothing went onto either chain's menu without research involving thousands of customers.[13][5] She also visited high-end restaurants to find ideas the chains could adapt, but warned against going too far. She told the Times that maple syrup requested by a Vermont franchisee would be "way over the top" for most guests, and of the Applebee's menu: "Do you really think my Applebee's menu is going to say artisan bread? No. But the bread will be better."[5]

In interviews Stewart has called listening her most important communication skill and has said she spent time each month with every member of her leadership team, treating the development of leaders as one of her main jobs. She said she wrote down a set of "life goals" every year and named Bob Leonard, an IHOP executive and later franchisee, as one of her main mentors.[35][27] In 2015 she told young executives to seek varied experience rather than a straight career ladder: "going sideways, and crooked, down, and around, and about."[15]

Nation's Restaurant News described her as "one of the earliest, most vocal proponents" of the franchise-heavy, "asset-light" model that later became common among restaurant companies.[8]

Major deals and strategic decisions

  • IHOP franchise development model (2003): IHOP stopped financing and building new restaurants and moved development to franchisees.[21]
  • Acquisition of Applebee's International (2007): an all-cash deal at $25.50 per share, valued at about $2.1 billion, financed mainly through securitizations.[4]
  • Refranchising of Applebee's (2008 to 2015): the company sold nearly all of the roughly 510 company-operated Applebee's restaurants to franchisees and became 100 percent franchised at Applebee's in July 2015.[6][29]
  • Headquarters consolidation (2015 to 2016): Applebee's support functions moved from Kansas City to Glendale.[29][8]
  • Applebee's repositioning (2016): the move to hand-cut steaks and wood-fired grills, which Nation's Restaurant News said had failed.[8]

Financial and market performance

IHOP's annual revenue was $324.4 million in 2001 and $349.6 million in 2006. Over the same period the company changed from operating and leasing restaurants to collecting franchise fees, and its workforce fell from 3,921 to 972.[20][22] After the Applebee's purchase, revenue rose sharply while DineEquity still operated hundreds of Applebee's restaurants, then fell as they were sold to franchisees. DineEquity reported total revenues of $1.6 billion in 2008, $1.33 billion in 2010, $1.08 billion in 2011, $849.9 million in 2012, $640.5 million in 2013, $655.0 million in 2014, $681.1 million in 2015 and $634.0 million in 2016.[28][6][29] Net income available to common stockholders in 2016 was $96.6 million.[7]

Nation's Restaurant News reported that DineEquity's shares rose to more than $110 by February 2015, and then lost 45 percent of their value by the time Stewart resigned.[8] Fortune noted in 2007 that IHOP's stock had risen 40 percent and that "Wall Street likes Stewart, and likes the merger too."[36]

Compensation

DineEquity's compensation committee did not raise Stewart's $1 million base salary for five consecutive years up to 2016, preferring to increase her pay through performance-linked long-term awards. Her total reported compensation was $6,607,388 in 2014, $5,789,991 in 2015 and $4,523,015 in 2016, when she received an annual cash incentive of $792,000, or 72 percent of target.[31] On leaving, she received the severance set out in her employment agreement plus an additional $500,000, an extra 12 months to exercise stock options and up to $50,000 for legal fees, in exchange for a general release of claims against the company.[31]

Board memberships and outside roles

  • Avery Dennison: director from January 2003.[1] By 2023 she chaired the compensation committee and sat on the governance and social responsibility committee.[14] On February 20, 2024, after 21 years on the board, she told the company she would not stand for re-election at the April 25, 2024 annual meeting, "in order to dedicate her efforts to the health and wellness venture she founded."[10] When she left in April 2024 the board accelerated the vesting of her 2024 restricted stock units "in recognition of [her] decade-plus service," and she was issued 43,365 shares from her deferred compensation account.[37]
  • Fogo de Chão: director since 2018, according to the company's 2023 registration statement.[14]
  • Bite Acquisition Corp.: independent director from the special purpose acquisition company's formation. Stewart chaired its compensation committee and sat on its audit committee.[33][14] Bite completed its business combination with Above Food on June 28, 2024, and she is not named in the combined company's first annual report.[38]
  • Bojangles: joined the board of the privately held Charlotte, North Carolina, chicken chain in July 2023.[11][39]
  • Non-profit roles: as of 2008, Stewart sat on the boards of the Elliot Leadership Institute, the UCLA Anderson School of Management Board of Visitors and the Children's Bureau.[1] She was a founding member of the Women's Foodservice Forum.[35]

Controversies

Analysts and franchisees criticised Stewart's handling of Applebee's in her final years. Nation's Restaurant News wrote that she was "ultimately undone by persistent, worsening struggles at Applebee's" and that the 2016 grill repositioning appeared to have "made things worse." It reported that operators had privately questioned the company's direction. Howard Penney of Hedgeye Risk Management said, "When you lose confidence in the CEO, it's hard to come back from that," and argued that the grill costs and weak sales had squeezed franchisees while DineEquity paid most of its earnings out as dividends.[8] Raymond James analyst Brian Vaccaro downgraded the stock after her resignation, saying her departure "creates incremental uncertainty."[8] IFMA later wrote that the upmarket menu had not drawn new customers and had alienated regular Applebee's diners.[9]

Personal life

Newsmakers reports that Stewart's first marriage, to Jon Greenawalt, ended in divorce, and that she married filmmaker Tim Ortman in August 2007. She has two children from her first marriage.[2] In 2008 The New York Times reported that she lived in Southern California with her husband and two daughters.[5] In a 2014 interview she credited "a great partner at home (which I have in my husband)" for helping her balance work and family.[35] Some of her DineEquity shares were held by the Julia Stewart Family Trust, of which she was sole trustee.[31]

Recognition

  • 2004: Golden Chain Award, Nation's Restaurant News[3]
  • 2005: Silver Plate Award (chain full-service), IFMA[16]
  • 2007: ranked 49th on Fortune's list of the 50 Most Powerful Women in business, her first appearance on the list[36]
  • 2015: Golden Chain Award and Operator of the Year, Nation's Restaurant News, voted by its readers[3]
  • Honorary doctorate in business administration, Johnson & Wales University[14]
  • IHOP also cited a Commitment to People award among her honours[25]

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "IHOP Corp. Proxy Statement 2008 (Form DEF 14A)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. April 17, 2008. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 "Stewart, Julia". Newsmakers 2008 Cumulation. Encyclopedia.com. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Jennings, Lisa."Julia Stewart named 2015 Operator of the Year". September 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 "IHOP Corp. to Acquire Applebee's International, Inc. for $25.50 Per Share in an All-Cash Transaction". IHOP Corp., via U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. July 16, 2007. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 "A Craving for Riblets and Change at Applebee's". August 20, 2008. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "DineEquity, Inc. Annual Report for fiscal 2014 (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 25, 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 "Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Julia Stewart Announces Resignation". DineEquity, Inc., via U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 17, 2017. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  8. ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 Maze, Jonathan."Applebee's sales decline pushes out Julia Stewart". February 17, 2017. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 "Julia Stewart makes an inspirational reappearance". IFMA The Food Away from Home Association. November 4, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Avery Dennison Corporation Current Report (Form 8-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 26, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Industry Veteran Julia Stewart Joins Bojangles Board of Directors". Bojangles, Inc.. July 19, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  12. ↑ 12.00 12.01 12.02 12.03 12.04 12.05 12.06 12.07 12.08 12.09 12.10 12.11 "Julia Stewart of IHOP: Making the Partnership Work". Franchising.com (Franchise Update Media). Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 "Can Julia Stewart Save Applebee's?". ABC News. April 2, 2008. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 "Fogo Hospitality, Inc. Registration Statement (Form S-1/A)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. May 12, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "2015 Golden Chain Awards: Julia Stewart". 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 "Catching up with Julia Stewart, Class of 2005". IFMA The Food Away from Home Association. 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 "IHOP Corp. Proxy Statement 2003 (Form DEF 14A)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. April 18, 2003. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  18. ↑ "Applebee's Announces Senior Management Changes (Form 8-K)". Applebee's International, Inc., via U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. July 24, 2001. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  19. ↑ "IHOP Corp. Announces Retirement of Chairman, Richard "Kim" Herzer; Larry Alan Kay Elected Chairman". IHOP Corp., via U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. January 3, 2003. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 20.2 "IHOP Corp. Annual Report for fiscal 2001 (Form 10-K405)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 11, 2002. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 "IHOP Corp. Annual Report for fiscal 2003 (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 12, 2004. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 "IHOP Corp. Annual Report for fiscal 2006 (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 1, 2007. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  23. ↑ "IHOP Corp. Announces Webcast of Investor Day Presentations on May 12th". IHOP Corp., via U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. May 9, 2005. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 24.4 "Can the IHOP Corp. Do for Applebee's What It Did for Itself?". August 11, 2007. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "IHOP Corp. Names Julia Stewart Chairman of the Board". IHOP Corp., via U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. May 17, 2006. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  26. ↑ "Applebee's Stockholders Approve Acquisition by IHOP Corp.". IHOP Corp., via U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. October 30, 2007. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 "CEO Profile: Julia Stewart, DineEquity, Part 1". Franchising.com (Franchise Update Media). 2014. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 "DineEquity, Inc. Annual Report for fiscal 2008 (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 26, 2009. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 "DineEquity, Inc. Annual Report for fiscal 2016 (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 1, 2017. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  30. ↑ "DineEquity Names Tom Emrey Chief Financial Officer". DineEquity, Inc., via U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. September 6, 2011. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 31.3 "DineEquity, Inc. Proxy Statement 2017 (Form DEF 14A)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. April 3, 2017. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 "Bite Acquisition Corp. Prospectus (Form 424B4)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. February 16, 2021. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 "Bite Acquisition Corp. Annual Report for fiscal 2023 (Form 10-K)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 11, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  34. ↑ "Alura by Alurx". Alurx. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 "CEO Profile: Julia Stewart, DineEquity, Part 2". Franchising.com (Franchise Update Media). 2014. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 "The Power 50: Julia Stewart (49)". Fortune. 2007. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  37. ↑ "Avery Dennison Corporation Proxy Statement 2025 (Form DEF 14A)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. March 7, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  38. ↑ "Above Food Ingredients Inc. Annual Report (Form 20-F)". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. July 8, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
  39. ↑ "Julia Stewart joins Bojangles Board of Directors". QSR Web. July 26, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
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